Over the next ten years, the jobs of many hundreds of millions of people worldwide, and in Hungary those of approximately 900,000 people, will be transformed by the effects of artificial intelligence. This study examines the economic and labour market trends and underlying sociological megatrends that should be highlighted among the processes related to the spread of artificial intelligence. The main focus of the study is on the effects of artificial intelligence, which may be amplified by those of the coronavirus crisis, and we expect a marked emergence of the trends reviewed in this study in the near future. The study illustrates the economic and social processes that will also affect the jobs of employees with altered work capacity, with longitudinal and cross-sectional research findings on the American and Hungarian labour markets.